A comparison between cardiac CT scanning and cardiac digital subtraction angiography (DSA) The WritePass Journal

A correlation between cardiovascular CT filtering and heart advanced deduction angiography (DSA) Theoretical A correlation between cardiovascular CT filtering and heart advanced deduction angiography (DSA) ). This survey means to audit the writing on coronary CT checking and advanced deduction angiography, their clinical applications, strategies and near an incentive in coronary supply route evaluation and finding. Cardiovascular Digital deduction angiography Coronary angiography is the regular analytic technique utilized in coronary vein infection. It is an insignificantly intrusive strategy, whereby a catheter is put into the spiral or femoral corridor and is progressed through the blood vessel framework to the coronary courses. A differentiation specialist is then infused at the aortic root and permits perception of the supply routes utilizing x-beam progressively at up to 30 casings for each second. This permits a perspective on the degree, area and seriousness of coronary obstructive injuries, for example, atherosclerosis and empowers prognostic sign (Miller et al., 2008). Coronary angiography additionally empowers catheter situation either side of the sore to evaluate pressure changes and decides the level of stream obstacle (Miller et al., 2008). . Computerized deduction angiography (DSA) again works by bringing a complexity specialist into the coronary conduits and taking x-beams continuously, anyway a pre picture is taken by x-beam. This takes into consideration the post pictures to be deducted from the first veil picture, wiping out bone and delicate tissue pictures, which would somehow or another overlie the supply route under examination (Hasegawa, 1987). In contrast to regular angiography, it is conceivable to lead DSA by means of the venous framework, through getting to the predominant vena cava by means of the basillic vein (Myerowitz, 1982). This expels the dangers related with blood vessel cannulation (Mancini Higgins, 1985). The methodology can likewise be performed with a lower portion of differentiation operator and be accomplished all the more rapidly along these lines disposing of imperatives of utilizing an excess of complexity during a system (Myerowitz, 1982). While DSA is the highest quality level in blood vessel imaging of carotid conduit stenosis (Herzig et al., 2004), the utilization of DSA to the coronary supply routes is constrained because of movement antiquities related with every heartbeat and breath (Yamamoto et al., 2009). There are various cardiovascular clinical uses of DSA, it tends to be utilized to survey coronary blood stream (Molloi et al., 1996), valvular disgorging (Booth, Nissen DeMaria, 1985), heart stage (Katritsis et al., 1988), intrinsic heart shunts (Myerowitz, Swanson, Turnipseed, 1985), coronary detour unites and percutaneous coronary intercession results (Katritsis et al, 1988; Guthaner, Wexler Bradley, 1985). In any case, others have proposed that the coronary supply routes are not envisioned well because of their little size, development, their position overlying the opacified aorta and left ventricle, and disarray with different structures, for example, the aspiratory veins (Myerowitz, 1982). Cardiovascular CT Scanning Advancement of CT checking during the 1990s empowered an expansion in worldly goals that was adequate to see the thumping heart, and they currently give a non-intrusive procedure to analytic and prognostic purposes. Cardiovascular CT examines have clinical applications that go past perfusion examination, and can be utilized to survey structure and capacity of the heart (for instance in electrophysiology clutters or inherent coronary illness) because of its capacity to give anatomical detail (Achenbach Raggi, 2010). CT outputs can be utilized to survey coronary course infection with and without infusion of complexity specialist (Achenbach Raggi, 2010) by calcium sweep or CT angiography. Coronary calcium CT checking utilizes the proof base that coronary course calcium is an associate of atherosclerosis (Burke et al., 2003) and is a solid prognostic indicator of things to come improvement of coronary vein illness and heart occasions (Arad et al., 2000; Budoff et al., 2009; Achenbach Raggi, 2010). Calcium is handily portrayed on CT filter because of its high CT lessening, and is characterized by the Agatson score, which thinks about the thickness and zone of the calcification (Hoffman, Brady Muller, 2003). Coronary CT angiography (CTA) permits representation of the coronary corridor lumen to distinguish any atherosclerosis or stenosis inside the vessels. Patients are infused intravenously with a complexity specialist and afterward experience a CT check. There are impediments with respect to the reasonableness of patients for coronary CTA because of essentials of sinus musicality, low pulse and capacity to follow breath-holding orders. Moreover, heftiness presents an issue for patients that can't fit into the scanner and influences the exactness of the strategy. (Achenbach Raggi, 2010). Correlation of heart DSA and cardiovascular CT filtering The specialized contrasts between heart DSA and cardiovascular CT checking offer ascent to contrasts in the clinical signs for the methods, their analytic adequacy and furthermore various dangers or relative advantages to the patients. Because of the idea of the pictures delivered by coronary CTA and DSA, each fits various signs for use. While coronary DSA gives imaging of all parts of perfusion, CTA utilized with differentiate operator likewise gives this anyway has the extra preferred position of having the option to evaluate structure and capacity of the heart. Coronary CTA has been appeared to have a high precision at recognition and rejection of coronary corridor stenoses (Achenbach Raggi, 2010). In a multicentre preliminary led by Miller et al. (2008), patients experienced coronary calcium scoring and CT angiography preceding customary intrusive coronary angiography. The symptomatic exactness of coronary CTA at precluding or identifying coronary stenoses of half was appeared to have an affectability of 85% and a particularity of 90%. This demonstrated coronary CTA was especially powerful at precluding non-critical stenoses. Also, coronary CTA was demonstrated to be of equivalent adequacy as customary coronary angiography at distinguishing the patients that along these lines proceeded to have revascularisation by means of percutaneous mediation. This was appeared by a territory under the bend (AUC), a proportion of precision of 0.84 for coronary CTA and 0.82 for coronary angiography. Mill operator et al.’s (2008) study incorporated an enormous number of patients at various investigation destinations, and also spoke to a huge assortment of clinical patient qualities. The author’s guarantee that these variables add to the quality and legitimacy of the investigation discoveries, and propose that notwithstanding utilizing patients with clinical signs for anatomical coronary imaging, ought to be utilized as proof that coronary CTA is exact at recognizing ailment seriousness in coronary conduit sickness. Mill operator et al. (2008) did in any case,, locate that positive prescient and negative prescient estimations of coronary CTA were 91% and 83% individually and along these lines recommended that coronary CTA ought not be utilized instead of the more exact regular coronary angiography. A low positive prescient worth (corresponding to the pervasiveness of infection) was proposed to be because of a propensity to overestimate stenosis degree just as the nearness of antiquities prompting bogus positive translation (Achenbach Raggi, 2010). Other exploration giving correlation between coronary CTA and ordinary coronary angiogram has featured changeability in results. A meta-examination directed by Gorenoi, Schonermark and Hagen (2012) explored the symptomatic capacities of coronary CTA and intrusive coronary angiography utilizing intracoronary pressure estimation as the reference standard. The creators found that CT coronary angiography had a more noteworthy affectability than obtrusive coronary angiography (80% versus 67%), implying that coronary CTA was bound to distinguish practically important coronary course stenoses in patients. In spite of this,, particularity of coronary CTA was 67%, contrasted with 75% in intrusive coronary angiography, implying that the method was less powerful at accurately barring non-analyze than obtrusive coronary angiogram. This exploration seems to repudiate the intensity of heart CTA at barring conclusions of coronary course stenosis as recommended by Miller et al. (2008), he study comb ined proof from more than 44 examinations to give their outcomes and along these lines had an enormous measurable force. The creators decipher the outcomes considering the clinical significance of cardiovascular imaging, proposing that patients with a higher pretest plausibility of coronary illness will probably require obtrusive coronary angiography for revascularisation demonstrating that coronary CTA might be a useful method in those patients with a middle of the road pre-test likelihood of coronary illness that will along these lines not require intrusive angiography. Goldberg et al. (1986) examined the viability of DSA in contrast with traditional coronary angiography in 77 patients. They found that the two angiograms concurred inside one evaluation of seriousness in 84% of single cases and 90% of different cases, distinguishing both patent and lesioned veins. The outcomes drove the creators to presume that there was no critical contrast between the two strategies and that DSA could be utilized in specific coronary angiography to discover results practically identical to that of regular angiography. Notwithstanding being a little report into the viability of DSA, the investigation likewise had a few wellsprings of natural inconstancy that ought to be viewed as when deciphering the outcomes. These included contrasting sizes of computerized imaging screen and non-utilization of calipers, implying that the translation of the pictures could change all through the investigation. The creators likewise propose that while indicating solid help for the ut ilization of DSA in coronary course illness, the procedure may not really grant better prognostic conclusions or clinical decisions that are superior to ordinary angiography, and in this manner the further execution of the methods may

Teaching Helen Keller Essay example -- Learning Education

The Truth About Helen Keller In Learning Dynamics, the creators, Marjorie Ford and Jon Ford, decide to incorporate a selection from The Story of My Life by Helen Keller to show gaining as a matter of fact. The passage titled The Most Important Day of My Life chiefly draws from Helen Keller's youth as she starts her training on the third of March in 1887, a quarter of a year prior to she became seven years of age. Keller describes her initial encounters of being stirred to a universe of words and ideas through the splendid showing strategies for her instructor, Anne Sullivan. Sullivan showed Keller new jargon by spelling words into the little youngster's hand. From the start, she doesn't comprehend the importance of each word, yet in the long run figure out how to interface a word with the physical item it speaks to. Sullivan regularly left Keller to invest a lot of energy in nature as an approach to build up her detects. In time, Keller finds the physical world, yet in addition a universe of elusive ideas, thoug hts, pictures and feelings. Moreover, she contributes quite a bit of her figuring out how to Anne Sullivan, which she expressed, I fell that her being is indivisible from my own, and that an incredible strides are in hers. All the best of me has a place with her. Understanding that words could be assembled to inspire a psychological picture, Helen Keller can paint numerous visual pictures in the perusers' brains through her extraordinary and expressive use of graceful language. Her composing style catches both her feeling and encounters. She expresses, Have you at any point been adrift in a thick haze, when it appeared as though a substantial white murkiness shut you in and the extraordinary boat, tense and on edge, grabbed her way toward the shore with plunge and sounding-line and you trusted that something will occur? He... ...ucation doesn't stop at W-A-T-E-R, yet she went on to colleges and educated numerous different dialects too. Keller makes a solid contention that her succeed is a consequence of her instructor, Anne Sullivan, My educator is so close to me that I hardly consider myself separated from her. Even the Fords expressed, Anne Sullivan indicated her (Keller) that adoration and learning are personally associated. Keller is an exceptional individual not on the grounds that she beats visual deficiency or deafness rather she ought to be extraordinary for her commitment to accomplish social changes. Helen Keller ought to be acknowledged for her trustworthiness in understanding that she was benefit to instruction, and utilizations her insight and knowledge to help those less lucky. Works Cited Portage, Marjorie, and Jon Ford. Learning Dynamics (Streamlines : Selected Readings on Single Topics). Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 1997.

The significance of power relations in communication in social work The WritePass Journal

The hugeness of intensity relations in correspondence in social work Presentation The hugeness of intensity relations in correspondence in social work IntroductionPower relations in social workParadigm move for more prominent effectivenessEffective communicationHindrances to viable communicationConclusionReferencesRelated Presentation Powerful correspondence is significant in all circles of human movement, in the exchange between human instinct or individual office and society or social structure. In such manner, the casual collaborations structure the premise of social work and powerful correspondence assists facilitators with relating better with subjects (Koprowska, 2008). Social work alludes to multi-disciplinary undertakings that try to improve the personal satisfaction and prosperity of people, gatherings or networks through mediations in the interest of those burdened with destitution, genuine or saw social treacheries and infringement on their human rights. Intercessions could be through such instruments as research, direct practice, instruction, approach and network sorting out (Trevithick, 2010). Social impact or potentially control are ideas that allude to the methods through which people’s emotions, contemplations, conduct and appearance are controlled in social frameworks. This is accomplished basically through socialization, the impact on one’s conclusions, conduct and feelings by others through similarity, peer pressure, socialization, administration and influence (Trevithick, 2010). Through this, people relate to the social system’s qualities and standards and accordingly get stake in the support of these standards and qualities. This capacity to impact the conduct of individuals is characterized as force (Bar-On, 2002). Differences in power between a social specialist and the administration client frequently bring about the entrenchment of segregation, mistreatment and non-inclusion by and by. This paper investigates the importance of intensity relations in correspondence in social work and commitment to the separation and mistreatment and manners by which this can be tested including improved interest and inclusion, particularly through compelling correspondence. Force relations in social work Social work is intrinsically political and is in this way about force and, along these lines, it is basic that social specialists comprehend the impacts of intensity inside the structures wherein they work and the general public by and large (Bar-On, 2002). The term power is frequently utilized conversely with power which is seen as genuine by the social structure, the designed social courses of action present in the public eye that both rise up out of and decide the activities of people (Bar-On, 2002). The sociological assessment of intensity is worried about the revelation and portrayal of relative qualities, regardless of whether equivalent or inconsistent, steady or subject to change. Given that it isn't inborn, and that it tends to be conceded to other people, force can be procured through the ownership or control of a type of intensity money which include: formal authority appointed to a holder of a position (genuine influence); authority got from specific aptitudes or skill (master influence); limit with respect to the utilization of contrary impacts, for example, dangers and discipline (coercive influence); just as the capacity to offer prizes and in this way to use control over subjects (reward influence); and the capacity of the influence wielder to draw in others and construct faithfulness (referent influence) (Bar-On, 2002). Lukes (1974), in building up the three-dimensional model of intensity, contends that force is socially and socially situated with the socially designed and socially organized conduct or practices of gatherings or establishments altogether continuing the predisposition in the framework undeniably more than the arrangement of individual activities. In this manner, there is a dormant logical inconsistency of interests between those practicing power and those influenced, whose genuine interests are rejected. This contention challenges the perspectives dependent on the possibility of aggregate assent fronted by Arendts correspondences hypothesis and the Webarian perspective on genuine force which disperse the view that there is potential for frailty in social associations. This has suggestions for social work including the view that social specialists practice power however in numerous occurrences are uninformed of the employed force, and that it is fundamental to analyze the situation of social laborers as it might influence what they see as their job (Bar-On, 2002). This situation fuels weakness with an individual (administration client) consenting to an activity because of the social structure of intensity which places expert on the social situation of the expert as opposed to on the understanding or accord between the two gatherings. This is uplifted in such occasions as the utilization of coercive force natural in the genuine intensity of the social laborer presented by legal enactment (Askheim, 2003). Trials in brain research propose that the more force used by an individual, the less they can take the point of view of others, suggesting that they have less sympathy. It was likewise noticed that diminished force is identified with upgraded imperative and restraint (Bar-On, 2002). Generalizations and partialities characteristic in social structure and culture in this way stay unchallenged bringing about conceivable separation, mistreatment or avoidances of areas of society or people requiring administration (Thompson, 1993; Trevithick, 2010). The post-pioneer perspective on power fronted by Michael Foucault (1980) gives a focal job to correspondence and information in the comprehension of intensity inside society. The core value of innovation fortifies existing force structures in this manner expanding the status of experts, putting an incentive on proficient information and underestimating neighborhood or oppressed knowledge.â This center is what is alluded to as expert talk (Foucault, 1980). This rejection is an impression of the basic force irregularity inside cultural structure, and the legitimization of information exhibiting the connection between the prohibition for proficient talk and persecution (Pease, 2002). Clients of administrations or customers regularly feel that social work attempts are, in such manner, improper or unfeeling toward their necessities. Social specialists possess an extraordinary situation in the public arena working for both the administration client and the benefit of society in general. This regularly brings about pressures between loyalties to support clients and to support offices or open specialists. Frequently, social specialists recognize feeling feeble in their dealings with specialist organizations, however their legal forces cause them to accept they are excessively ground-breaking. In this, a fascinating Catch 22 emerges in the polarity of intensity where social laborers are regularly considered as either incapable or amazingly powerful (Pease, 2002). The dichotomous perspective on power is regularly exacerbated inside social work because of the contradicting structure between the specialist and the customer which powers the laborer into the amazing position, controlling and coordinating the game-plan frequently in a one-dimensional system, while the customer is constrained into the situation of weakness (Askheim, 2003). This is apparent in the way that in spite of the decade-long appropriation of the counter abusive practice topic to manage instructing and practice of social work, beneficiaries of such practice (customers) have not been altogether engaged with conversations in regards to the advancement of such enemy of abusive practice (Pease, 2002). Change in perspective for more prominent adequacy There is requirement for social specialists to comprehend their situation inside the overarching power structures, just as to comprehend why they feel weak in their work (Pease, 2002). This would empower the difficult of structures that propagate persecution and the advancement of arrangements that guide the battle of negative impacts of intensity differentials on the clients of administration (Askheim, 2003). Contrasts in power must be considered and new systems acquainted so as with improve correspondence and, thusly, relations which would then be able to cultivate the viable direct of social work inside networks. The way to assessing the force by social specialists in their work and relations with administration clients is strengthening. This involves the redistribution of information and the uprising of different types of information which have been ignored and enslaved instead of spotlight on proficient information as the main real structure (Pease, 2002). This would require the move from such innovator center towards an increasingly basic way to deal with challenge the predominant talk and to scrutinize the association among information and force empowering the improvement of impact through social work moves toward that intend to encourage social change and change. Through this, the consideration of administration clients in social procedures, proficient talk and advancement of training is legitimized (Askheim, 2003). This offers a progressively sensible way to deal with the test of winning force structures that will in general propagate and upgrade separation or mistreatment of administration clients joining different measurements including the persecuted, just as the social specialists. All together for social work to gain from its relations with administration clients and associations (specialist organizations), it is fundamental for their more prominent contribution to guarantee genuine strengthening, adjusting between gains from ability and the strengthening of people engaged with different parts of social work (Askheim, 2003; Pease, 2002). Strengthening would lessen the imbalances in power relations in social work just as trying resulting mistreatment and segregation. It would likewise empower the arrangement of important expert associations with network associations taking into account gaining from the two encounters and aptitude. For huge change towards strengthening, there is requirement for spotlight and accentuation on social procedures which urge social laborers to tune in to the tales of administration clients, externalizing

Gmat Awa Essay Samples - Find The Best Online College Essay Sample For You

Gmat Awa Essay Samples - Find The Best Online College Essay Sample For YouIf you're reading this article then I'm pretty sure you're wanting to know how to find Gmat Awa essay samples. This is an incredibly important question because this is the first step that you will need to take to help you study and learn how to get into the University of California. Although you have a lot of different choices for colleges, it is very important that you choose the one that will provide you with the best education and research experience.The reason that UC Berkeley is such a prestigious institution is that they offer very good research opportunities. There are many different courses available and you will be able to pursue many different fields. You can also choose to go on to medical school or to business school.These courses are also very helpful in keeping you motivated. The courses at UC Berkeley are extremely important because they provide you with everything that you need to succeed. The c ourses are designed to challenge you and keep you learning. These classes allow you to learn new things and they are the ones that help you grow as a person.Some of the best colleges out there are also extremely challenging. They don't necessarily have tons of material to cover, but they are also not easy to go to school for. These schools focus on research and teaching. UC Berkeley is the perfect example of a school that will give you everything that you need in order to succeed in life.What you need to do to find these Gmat Awa essay samples is to take the time to apply to the schools that you really want to attend. Be honest with yourself and ask yourself what you want out of college. The type of student that you are will play a huge role in which school you end up attending.Make sure that you read all of the university's policies and make sure that you understand them. You also need to be aware of any fees that are required to be paid. The UC Berkeley application is incredibly c omplicated so be sure that you read the entire application before you send it.These Gmat Awa essay samples are critical to your success. If you can't afford the tuition and tutoring, don't worry because there are a lot of scholarships that you can get as well. There are a lot of different ways that you can help you get into college, but taking the time to learn how to find Gmat Awa essay samples is a great first step.

Diffusion of Responsibility Definition and Examples in Psychology

What causes people to intervene and help others? Psychologists have found that people are sometimes less likely to help out when there are others present, a phenomenon known as the bystander effect. One reason the bystander effect occurs is due to diffusion of responsibility: when others are around who could also help, people may feel less responsible for helping. Key Takeaways: Diffusion of Responsibility Diffusion of responsibility occurs when people feel less responsibility for taking action in a given situation, because there are other people who could also be responsible for taking action.In a famous study on diffusion of responsibility, people were less likely to help someone having a seizure when they believed there were others present who also could have helped.Diffusion of responsibility is especially likely to happen in relatively ambiguous situations. Famous Research on Diffusion of Responsibility In 1968, researchers John Darley and Bibb Latanà © published a famous study on diffusion of responsibility in emergency situations. In part, their study was conducted to better understand the 1964 murder of Kitty Genovese, which had captured the public’s attention. When Kitty was attacked while walking home from work, The New York Times reported that dozens of people witnessed the attack, but didn’t take action to help Kitty. While people were shocked that so many people could have witnessed the event without doing something, Darley and Latanà © suspected that people might actually be less likely to take action when there are others present. According to the researchers, people may feel less of a sense of individual responsibility when other people who could also help are present. They may also assume that someone else has already taken action, especially if they can’t see how others have responded. In fact, one of the people who heard Kitty Genovese being attacked said that she assumed others had already reported what was happening. In their famous 1968 study, Darley and Latanà © had research participants engage in a group discussion over an intercom (in actuality, there was only one real participant, and the other speakers in the discussion were actually pre-recorded tapes). Each participant was seated in a separate room, so they couldn’t see the others in the study. One speaker mentioned having a history of seizures and seemed to begin having a seizure during the study session. Crucially, the researchers were interested in seeing whether participants would leave their study room and let the experimenter know that another participant was having a seizure. In some versions of the study, participants believed that there were only two people in the discussion—themselves and the person having the seizure. In this case, they were very likely to go find help for the other person (85% of them went to go get help while the participant was still having the seizure, and everyone reported it before the experimental session ended). However, when the participants believed that they were in groups of six—that is, when they thought there were four other people who could also report the seizure—they were less likely to get help: only 31% of participants reported the emergency while the seizure was happening, and only 62% reported it by the end of the experiment. In another condition, in which participants were in groups of three, the rate of helping was in between the rates of helping in the two- and six-person groups. In other words, participants were less likely to go get help for someone having a medical emergency when they be lieved that there were others present who could also go get help for the person. Diffusion of Responsibility in Everyday Life We often think about diffusion of responsibility in the context of emergency situations. However, it can occur in everyday situations as well. For example, diffusion of responsibility could explain why you might not put in as much effort on a group project as you would on an individual project (because your classmates are also responsible for doing the work). It can also explain why sharing chores with roommates can be difficult: you might be tempted to just leave those dishes in the sink, especially if you can’t remember whether you were the person who last used them. In other words, diffusion of responsibility isn’t just something that occurs in emergencies: it occurs in our daily lives as well. Why We Don’t Help In emergencies, why would we be less likely to help if there are others present? One reason is that emergency situations are sometimes ambiguous. If we aren’t sure whether there’s actually an emergency (especially if the other people present seem unconcerned about what is happening), we might be concerned about the potential embarrassment from causing a â€Å"false alarm† if it turns out that there was no actual emergency. We may also fail to intervene if it’s not clear how we can help. For example, Kevin Cook, who has written about some of the misconceptions surrounding Kitty Genovese’s murder, points out that there wasn’t a centralized 911 system that people could call to report emergencies in 1964. In other words, people may want to help—but they may not be sure whether they should or how their help can be most effective. In fact, in the famous study by Darley and Latanà ©, the researchers reported that the participants who didn’t help appeared nervous, suggesting that they felt conflicted about how to respond to the situation. In situations like these, being unsure of how to react—combined with the lower sense of personal responsibility—can lead to inaction. Does the Bystander Effect Always Occur? In a 2011 meta-analysis (a study that combines the results of previous research projects), Peter Fischer and colleagues sought to determine how strong the bystander effect is, and under which conditions it occurs. When they combined the results of previous research studies (totaling over 7,000 participants), they found evidence for the bystander effect. On average, the presence of bystanders reduced the likelihood that the participant would intervene to help, and the bystander effect was even greater when there are more people present to witness a particular event. However, importantly, they found that there may actually be some context where the presence of others doesn’t make us less likely to help. In particular, when intervening in a situation was especially likely to be dangerous for the helper, the bystander effect was reduced (and in some cases, even reversed). The researchers suggest that, in particularly dangerous situations, people may see other bystanders as a potential source of support. For example, if helping in an emergency situation could threaten your physical safety (e.g. helping someone who is being attacked), you’re probably likely to consider whether the other bystanders can help you in your efforts. In other words, while the presence of others usually leads to less helping, this isn’t necessarily always the case. How We Can Increase Helping In the years since initial research on the bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility, people have looked for ways to increase helping. Rosemary Sword and Philip Zimbardo wrote that one way of doing this is to give people individual responsibilities in an emergency situation: if you need help or see someone else who does, assign specific tasks to each bystander (e.g. single out one person and have them call 911, and single out another person and ask them to provide first aid). Because the bystander effect occurs when people feel a diffusion of responsibility and are unsure of how to react, one way to increase helping is to make it clear how people can help. Sources and Additional Reading: Darley, John M., and Bibb Latanà ©. Bystander Intervention in Emergencies: Diffusion of Responsibility.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  8.4 (1968): 377-383. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1968-08862-001Fischer, Peter, et al. The bystander-effect: A meta-analytic review on bystander intervention in dangerous and non-dangerous emergencies.  Psychological Bulletin  137.4 (2011): 517-537. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-08829-001Gilovich, Thomas, Dacher Keltner, and Richard E. Nisbett. Social Psychology. 1st edition, W.W. Norton Company, 2006.Latanà ©, Bibb, and John M. Darley. Group inhibition of bystander intervention in emergencies.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  10.3 (1968): 215-221. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1969-03938-001â€Å"What Really Happened The Night Kitty Genovese Was Murdered?† NPR: All Things Considered (2014, Mar. 3). https://www.npr.org/2014/03/03/284002294/what-really-happened-the-night-kitty-genovese-was-mu rderedSword, Rosemary K.M. and Philip Zimbardo. â€Å"The Bystander Effect.† Psychology Today (2015, Feb. 27). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-time-cure/201502/the-bystander-effect

Pride and Prejudice - 1236 Words

The path to marriage initiates in the very first paragraph of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. This courtship novel begins with the premise that â€Å"a single man in possession of a fortune must be in want of a wife† (pg. 5) Throughout the competition for the single men, characters are naturally divided by the norms of their social standing. However, the use of social conventions and civility further divides them. The characters in need of the most moral reform remain unchanged, leaving a path for the reformers to travel to each other’s company. Austen uses the stagnant characters and their flaws as a line that needs to cross in order to achieve a dynamic marriage of mutual respect. Three of the Bennet daughters get married in the novel.†¦show more content†¦When Elizabeth visits, they must escape him by not walking around the gardens, allowing Charlotte to easily show her the house without interruption. Elizabeth notes that the house has a pleasant air when Mr. Collins can be forgotten (157). The consequences of a marriage to someone so silly are convenience and avoidance. These marriages to Wickham and Collins portray alternate realities for Elizabeth. If she accepts either of these men, she denies herself growth as a character. A process of elimination permits Elizabeth to to continue on a path towards her ultimate match, Mr. Darcy. These two characters must overcome their prejudices to achieve the ideal marriage. As previously stated, Elizabeth needs to hold her tongue and use her judgment more cautiously. Jane best explains this after the night they meet Mr. Bingley, â€Å"I would wish not to be hasty in censuring any one; but I always speak what I think†(16). Jane defends her own character by revealing Elizabeth’s hasty nature to attack others. Again, Darcy is proud and holds grudges. He explains himself when he says, â€Å"I cannot forget the follies and vices of others so soon as I ought, nor their offences against myself†¦My temper would perhaps be called resentful† (58). He stays true to his convictions in his interactions with other characters, but his mode of relaying these feelings must change in order to catch Elizabeth. If they can achieve moral reform, their personalities will compliment eachShow MoreRelated Essay on Prejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice1535 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice and Pride in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In any literary work the title and introduction make at least some allusion to the important events of the novel. With Pride and Prejudice, Austen takes this convention to the extreme, designing all of the first and some of the second half of the novel after the title and the first sentence. The concepts of pride, prejudice, and universally acknowledged truth (51), as well as the interpretation of those concepts, are the central focus ofRead MorePride And Prejudice By Pride Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Pride Pride is the feeling of satisfaction when someone achieve something, someone close to you achieves something, or something somebody owns or has is admired by others. Being proud of yourself or someone else is not always bad. However, some believe pride is negative and can change how a person thinks and feels about certain things. It can be taken either way depending on who, why, and when it is. Many people have written articles and have done research to determine whether itRead More The roles of pride and prejudice in Pride and Prejudice1404 Words   |  6 PagesBecoming an immediate success in the contemporary novel public in early nineteenth century, Pride and Prejudice has proved to be the most popular of Jane Austens novels and remains a classic masterpiece two centuries later. The title itself describes the underlying theme of the book. Pride and prejudice, intimately related in the novel, serve as challenges to the cherished love story of Darcy and Elizabeth. It is interesti ng to see how these two nice people were blinded before realizing that theyRead MorePride and Prejudice1472 Words   |  6 PagesElizabeth#8217;s Pride and Darcy#8217;s Prejudice? Jane Austen#8217;s Pride and Prejudice is a timeless social comedy which is both satirical and full of sentiment. The title refers to the personalities of the two main characters and cues the reader to Austen#8217;s broader thematic purpose: to satirize nineteenth century manners and morals, especially as they relate to courtship and manners. Although both characters contain both these traits, it is mainly Mr. Darcy who exemplifies #8216;pride#8217;Read More Pride and the Prejudice 1543 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The power of doing anything with quickness is always prized much by the possessor, and often without any attention to the imperfection of the performance.† (1) Said Mr Darcy. This is one of the worlds most popular novels, Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice has charmed readers since its publication of the story of the amusing Elizabeth Bennet and her relationship with the aristocrat Fitzwilliam Darcy. During this essay it will explore the construction of characters , in particular it will be ElizabethRead MorePride and Prejudice2105 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationship, although back then divorce was never thought of either, where as today it is not rare at all. In these marriages, money was the only consideration. Love was left out, with the thought that it would develop as the years went by. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen comments that marriage in her time is a financial contract, where love is strictly a matter of chance. This is clearly evident from the very first line of the novel. Charlotte Lucas states that happiness in marriage is entirelyRead MorePride and Prejudice1906 Words   |  8 PagesPride and Prejudice tells a story of a young girl in the midst of a very materialistic society. Jane Austen uses the setting to dramatize the restraints women had to endure in society. As the novel develops, we see how women have to act in a way according to their gender, social class, and family lineage. Elizabeth Bennet’s sisters rep resent the proper societal lady while Lizzy is the rebel. Through her characters Austen shows how a women’s happiness came second to the comfort of wealth. As the plotRead MoreIrony in Pride and Prejudice995 Words   |  4 PagesIrony in Pride and Prejudice Irony forms the alma mater of Jane Austen’s novels. Likewise, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† is steeped in irony of theme, situation, character, and narration. Austen uses it to establish the contrast between appearance and reality. As one examines â€Å"Pride and Prejudice†, one discovers the ironic significance of how pride leads to prejudice and prejudice invites pride. 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Although she does eventually fall for him, Elizabeth’s feelings towards Darcy for the first half of the story are vehemently negative, with no detectable amount of affection. Her unequivocal distaste for him plays a major part in her character arc as it slowly gives way to fondness. But in Simon Langston’s film adaption of

Law Essay free essay sample

This is about artistic freedom and basic rights of free expression, which need to be available to all, whether they have money and lawyers or not. † –Shepard Fairey â€Å"The journalism that AP and other organizations produce is vital to democracy. To continue to provide it, news organizations must protect their intellectual property rights as vigorously as they have historically fought to protect the First Amendment. † –Press Release, Associated Press INTRODUCTION During the 2008 campaign, an image featuring then-presidential candidate Barack Obama’s photo became the subject of a legal dispute that continued long after the election ended. Amidst the presidential debates, another debate was brewing—between a famous visual artist, Shepard Fairey, and a major newsgathering agency, the Associated Press (AP). An AP photographer, Mannie Garcia, took the picture of the presidential hopeful, which Fairey popularized on posters that he emblazoned with the word â€Å"Hope. † Once it was determined that Fairey had used AP photographer Mannie Garcia’s image of presidential candidate Obama in his posters, the issue in Fairey v. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Associated Press was whether Fairey’s use of the photo constituted â€Å"fair use,† an affirmative defense under the Copyright Act. If so, Fairey’s â€Å"fair use† would excuse the copyright infringement and Fairey would not have to pay. If not, Fairey would be liable for copyright infringement and would likely have to pay damages. Although Fairey settled the lawsuit with the AP in January 2011, another lawsuit was still pending—that of the AP against Fairey’s clothing company, â€Å"Obey Clothing† and other clothing stores (Urban Outfitters, Nordstrom, and Zumiez) for copyright infringement. The parties, however, settled their claims in March 2011. In the settlement agreements, the parties explicitly stated that they still maintain their legal positions in the case. Thus, the dispute about whether Fairey’s use of the photo constituted fair use has never been resolved. Although the settlement agreement stated that the AP and Obey Clothing agreed to share future profits from sales of the Obama image on merchandise, the underlying issue is still very much alive. The case between Fairey and the AP is certainly timely and addresses copyright in the context of news photos. This issue will continue to be relevant given that President Obama is the likely Democratic candidate for the 2012 presidential election, and it is certainly possible that other businesses will seek to capitalize on Garcia’s photo. Not only may businesses seek to capitalize on this image, but the Obama campaign itself may look to exploit the image, because the image became so iconic in the 2008 election. Moreover, as opposed to prior case law concerning appropriation of art, this set of facts incorporates new media. â€Å"It has become especially important in an era when digital technology allows artists to, with the press of a few buttons, use other people’s finished products as raw material for new works. † Fair use case law can certainly be applied to cases in the digital area. The best way to predict the outcome of the AP suit against Fairey’s company is to understand how the court might have ruled in the original case—that of the AP against Fairey personally. This Essay will explore whether Fairey’s use of the AP Photographer’s photo constituted â€Å"fair use† and will analyze how the relevant fair use cases would bear on the present case. The AP originally asked to be credited and to receive compensation. First, I will introduce and explain the fair use four-factor approach laid out in section 107 of the Copyright Act. Second, I will discuss how fair use case law, such as Rogers v. Koons, Campbell v. Acuf -Rose Music, Inc. , Harper amp; Row Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enterprises, Dr. Seuss Enterprises v. Penguin Books, Leibovitz v. Paramount Pictures Corp. , enhances our understanding of these factors. Finally, this Essay will analyze the Obama Hope Poster case in the context of the four factors and arrive at a conclusion based on case law and public policy. Key Terms 1. Copyrights 2. Moral rights of copyrights 3. Economic right of copyrights 4. The copyright Act of 1976 on the United States 5. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 6. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 7. Industrial design 8. The Hague System 9. Copyright Agreement 10. Federal Law of Copyright 11. Industrial Property Law 12. ASCAP 13. The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 14. Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor (INDAUTOR) 15. International Trademark Registration (Madrid System) 16. Tariffs 17. Industrial Drawing 18. Brand piracy 19. Registered trademark 20. Natural person 21. Certification marks 22. Collective trademarks 23. Defensive trademarks 24. Generalized trademark 25. Trademark look 26.